This by itself will cause only minor damage on maize, but when another potyvirus of cereals, such as SCMV, wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) or maize dwarf mosaic virus … New pest of maize: maize lethal necrosis in Uganda. Plant Disease, 65(1):39-41, Wangai A, Kinyua ZM, Otipa MJ, Miano DW, Kasina JM, Leley Mwangi PKTN, 2012. In the early stages, MLND causes long yellow stripes on leaves. [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference. Maize lethal necrosis (MLN), an emerging threat to maize-based food security in sub-Saharan Africa. Since then the disease has been reported in Rwanda and DR . Continuing to use www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank means you agree to our use of cookies. Phytopathology, 80:1060, Kusia ES, Subramanian S, Nyasani JO, Khamis F, Villinger J, Ateka EM, Pappu HR, 2015. (Nueva enfermedad virosa afectando al maiz en el Peru.). Status of corn lethal necrosis- 1979 update. Later the disease was noted in Bomet Central Division, spreading into the neighbouring Chepalungu and Narok South and North Districts and Naivasha. Adams IP, Harju VA, Hodges T, Hany U, Skelton A, Rai S, Deka MK, Smith J, Fox A, Uzayisenga B, Ngaboyisonga C, Uwumukiza B, Rutikanga A, Rutherford M, Ricthis B, Phiri N, Boonham N, 2014. Seed transmission of MCMV has been reported by Jensen et al. Crop rotation can effectively control MCMV (Uyemoto, 1983). There is a preliminary report of the disease in Uganda (IPPC, 2014). New maize virus disease in Hawaii. New maize virus disease in Hawaii. Laboratory transmission of maize chlorotic mottle virus by three species of corn rootworms. Pesticides should always be used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product's label. March 2012, First reported in September 2011, at lower elevations (1900 masl) in the Longisa Division of Bomet County, Southern Rift Valley of Kenya. There is need to have regulation by governments to impose quarantine on the movement of maize materials from affected areas within a country. A new virus disease of maize in Peru. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. These should be destroyed by burning. Corn lethal necrosis - a new virus disease of corn in Kansas. Status of corn lethal necrosis- 1979 update. Characterization of maize chlorotic mottle virus associated with maize lethal necrosis disease in China. First discovered in a corn field in North Central Kansas then in Almena Kansas. In: Phytopathology, 80 892. Corn lethal necrosis develops when two viruses occur together in the same plant. The disease was controlled for several years in Kaua’i but then spread to other islands including O’ahu and Maui. The virus complex causes a severe systemic necrosis which culminates in the death of the plant (Niblett and Caflin, 1978; Uyemoto et al., 1980, 1981; Wangai et al., 2012). This disease is caused by co-infection of plants with two viruses – maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) – and can cause yield losses of up to 90%. First report of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and maize lethal necrosis on maize in Ethiopia. by Association of Applied Biologists]. First report of lethal necrosis disease associated with co-infection of finger millet with Maize chlorotic mottle virus and Sugarcane mosaic virus in Kenya. Enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the identification and distribution of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) in the state of Mexico. 284. http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=284, IPPC, 2014. The main thrust of the current management strategy is to prevent the introduction of the disease through sound Maize chlorotic mottle virus. By April 2012, the disease was reported in altitudes up to 2100 masl and in various parts of the country. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Rome, Italy: FAO. KEN-02/2. Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a disease of maize caused by coinfection of maize with maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and one of several viruses from the Potyviridae, such as sugarcane mosaic virus, maize dwarf mosaic virus, Johnsongrass mosaic virus or wheat streak mosaic virus. Seed producers have incurred an extra cost in the production of seed maize. The most commons are the potyvirus Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV), Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus or … In: Proceedings of the 34th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference. specific chemical control recommendations. Enforcing such regulations can be challenging but, alongside increased awareness by the farming community, they can help reduce the spread of the disease. Severe outbreak of corn lethal necrosis disease in Kansas. Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. The infected plants are frequently barren; the ears formed are small, deformed and set little or no seeds, drastically reducing the yield. Like most websites we use cookies. Update [March 2013]: More information about the pests and viruses associated with Maize Lethal Necrosis disease can be found on the Plantwise Knowledge Bank. Journal of Agricultural Research, 9:131-138. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Maize lethal necrosis is a disease caused by the synergistic interaction between Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). Infected foliar material should be removed from the field to reduce pathogen and vector populations. Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Occurrence of maize lethal necrosis in Ecuador: a disease without boundaries? Jiang XQ, Wilkinson DR, Berry JA, 1990. However, the observed symptoms were more severe than commonly associated with MCMV, suggesting the presence of maize lethal necrosis (MLN), a disease that results from maize infection with both MCMV and a potyvirus (4). Maize (Corn) Lethal Necrosis Disease. KARI, CIMMYT and other partners will reconfirm the potential resistance of pre-commercial hybrids and inbred lines that show the lowest susceptibility to MLN and work urgently to develop resistant varieties (Makumbi and Wangai, 2012). Use of tolerant or resistant varieties ultimately would be the most effective means of managing MLND. Rome, Italy: FAO. Infection of maize by any of the viruses alone does not cause MLND. If there is necrosis of young leaves in the whorl before expansion, then 'dead heart' symptoms will be visible. Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLN) was first diagnosed in eastern Africa in the 2010's and is a big threat to their maize-based agri-food systems with estimated losses amounting to US$261 million in Ethiopia and US$198 million in Kenya. A99/27698/2014 A Thesis submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Crop Protection (Agricultural Entomology Option) in the Seed should not be recycled; farmers should plant certified seed only. KEN-02/2, Rome, Italy: FAO. Gordon DT, Bradfute OE, Gingery RE, Nault LR, Uyemoto JK, 1984. Introduction Maize (Zea mays L.) is a dietary staple and significant cash crop throughout the tropical world; serving as a food security crop for more than 70 million people in Sub Saharan Africa (Melinda et al., 2013). Seed Inspectors can check for Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) in seed farms. Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a disease that attacks maize crops with significant impacts on both food security and nutrition security on smallholder farmers in Kenya. Plant Disease, 75(5):497-498, Jiang XQ, Meinke LJ, Wright RJ, Wilkinson DR, Campbell JE, 1992. Source: Report on status of maize lethal necrosis disease and general maize performance, July 2012 MAIZE PRODUCTION AREA BY PROVINCE - 2011 . (Immunoabsorcion enzimatica (ELISA) en la identificacion y distribucion del virus moteado clorotico del maiz (VMCM) en el estado de Mexico.) Currently the disease has been reported in all provinces in Kenya except North Eastern; Original citation: Wangai et al. First report of, http://www.cimmyt.org/en/where-we-work/africa/item/maize-lethal-necrosis-mln-disease-in-kenya-and-tanzania-facts-and-actions, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Maize lethal necrosis disease symptoms. As MLND is due to the co-infection of two viruses, resistance against any one of the viruses would substantially reduce the damage due to the disease. IPPC Official Pest Report, No. Pest and disease outbreaks are key constraints to maize productivity. The public can be informed about the disease through press releases, posters, brochures, sensitization workshops and radio programmes. (1991). Niblett C L, Claflin L E, 1978. Seed should not be recycled; farmers should plant certified seed only. 159 (3), 191-193. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0434 DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01745.x. 146 (3), 705-710. http://rd.springer.com/journal/10658 DOI:10.1007/s10658-016-0943-5, Uyemoto J K, 1983. Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus. Pest and disease outbreaks are key constraints to maize … Seed Inspectors can check for Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) in seed farms. Corn lethal necrosis - a new virus disease of corn in Kansas. Prevention. The best approach for the management of MLND is to employ integrated pest management practices encompassing cultural control such as closed season, crop rotation and crop diversification, vector control using seed treatment followed by foliar sprays, and host-plant resistance. Plant Disease, 99(12):1870. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis, Makumbi D, Wangai A, 2013. Infected plants die prematurely. The disease appeared in Kaua’i in early 1990. http://www.cimmyt.org/en/where-we-work/africa/item/maize-lethal-necrosis-mln-disease-in-kenya-and-tanzania-facts-and-actions, Nault LR, Styer WE, Coffey ME, Gordon DT, Negi LS, Niblett CL, 1978. Infected foliar material should be removed from the field to reduce pathogen and vector populations. In sub-Saharan Africa, maize is a staple food and key determinant of food security for smallholder farming communities. , PO Box 12168 Nakuru, Kenya Unported License, maize 1 ( )... Crop protection, 11 ( 3 ):216-218, Brandes EW, 1920 ) general! 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