39° C (about 102.2° F) plus ≥ 2 of the 5 criteria for Kawasaki disease. 20% to 25% of children can develop aneurysm formation if not intervened. Kawasaki disease can cause heart rhythm complications. In case the child is having high fever for 4 or more days and Kawasaki disease is suspected, then one needs to seek immediate medical consultation. The goals of initial treatment are to lower fever and inflammation and prevent heart damage.To accomplish those goals, your child's doctor may recommend: 1. D: Kawasaki disease is a rare childhood illness that affects the blood vessels. Alexoudi I, Kanakis M, Kapsimali V, Vaiopoulos G (2011). 1. Electrocardiogram (EKG). Kawasaki Disease is a clinical diagnosis with no diagnostic laboratory test. Kawasaki Disease. This test records the child's heartbeats and shows abnormal rhythms or beats. Most children respond to their first treatment with IVIG. Michael G Burke, MD. Kawasaki disease: current aspects on aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic management. Learning about Kawasaki Disease and How It Affects Children; 2. It is a form of vasculitis, where blood vessels become inflamed throughout the body. May;164Suppl 1:20-2. Volume 35, Issue 10. These aneurysms rarely cause symptoms, and are generally seen only in patients who have giant coronary aneurysms. Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis with predilection for coronary arteries. Physicians make the diagnosis after carefully examining a child, observing signs and symptoms (including 5 or more days of fever) and eliminating the possibility of other, similar diseases. It is most important that other causes of fever be ruled out before the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is made. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness and systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology that predominantly afflicts young children, causes coronary artery aneurysms and can result in long-term cardiovascular sequelae. There is no specific test for Kawasaki disease. There is evidence that suggests that Kawasaki disease may be triggered by a response to an infectious agent. The etiology of Kawasaki disease is unknown. There is no laboratory test that can diagnose Kawasaki disease with 100% surety. Kawasaki disease is a frightening and rare condition in children. Chest x ray. Apr;59(2):425-45. If your child develops coronary problems from Kawasaki disease, they may need to take blood-thinning (anticoagulant) medications — either on a short-term or lifelong basis — to reduce the risk of a clot in the coronary vein. Diagnosis & Tests: Boys are slightly more likely than girls are to develop Kawasaki disease. Atypical Kawasaki disease should be considered, and testing should be initiated if the child has had ≥ 5 days of fever > 39° C (about 102.2° F) plus ≥ 2 of the 5 criteria for Kawasaki disease. There are no unique laboratory diagnostic tests for the disease. Marian Freedman is a freelance writer., Michael G Burke, MD. It almost always affects young children. Marian Freedman. Cleveland Clinic Children's is dedicated to the medical, surgical and rehabilitative care of infants, children and adolescents. There is no single test to know if a child has Kawasaki Disease. Kawasaki disease (KD) (see the image below) is an acute febrile vasculitic syndrome of early childhood that, although it has a good prognosis with treatment, can lead to death from coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) in a very small percentage of patients. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Kawasaki disease (KD) was first described in Japan in 1967 by Tomisaku Kawasaki . IVIG can shorten the duration of the fever and decrease the risk of developing an abnormal enlargement of the coronary vein (aneurysm). We have discussed Kawasaki Disease in the past , but this time let us focus on the aspects that may lead to a Delayed Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease. Other Diagnostic Tests. Children of Asian or Pacific Island descent, such as Japanese or Korean, have higher rates of Kawasaki disease. Several diagnostic tests may be conducted to confirm Kawasaki disease. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms. In 20% of untreated patients, the coronary arteries can be affected by the vasculitis. Other clinical and laboratory findings observed in patients with this disease are frequently helpful in diagnosis. To be diagnosed with classic Kawasaki disease, a child must have a high fever for at least five days, as well as four of the five classic symptoms. These diagnostic criteria have been mo … 2. Complications. Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. Previously, there were no specific tests available for diagnosis. How is Kawasaki disease diagnosed? Treatment starts with strategies to help your child feel more comfortable by reducing fever and inflammation. Michael G Burke, MD. Classic (typical) Kawasaki disease is diagnosed based on the presence of a fever lasting five or more days, acc… Treatment and medications. Recommendations on when to suspect Kawasaki disease and refer patients are outlined in Table 1.The diagnostic criteria proposed by the American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease are presented in Table 2.5 In our survey of Ontario cases, all patients had fever, the median duration of which was 6.5 … Kawasaki disease is ideally treated as soon as the child starts becoming symptomatic so as to lower the risk of heart-associated complications. Researchers Identify Potential Diagnostic Test for Kawasaki Disease. 1. There is no specific test for Kawasaki disease. 3 Amount of cases reported monthly in the duration of 10 years since 1988-1998. KD can result in the inflammation of the lymph nodes as well as blood vessels. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Kawasaki disease (KD), or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. Polymorphous exanthema 3. At least 4 of the key signsIf Kawasaki Disease is suspected, the child will be hospitalized right away. Kawasaki disease is usually treated in hospital, because of the risk of complications. Due to lack of a reliable confirmatory laboratory test, the diagnosis of KD is based on a constellation of clinical findings that appear in a typical temporal sequence. A, B, C: Children who experience the disease usually need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart health. Such cases are called incomplete or atypical Kawasaki disease. High doses of aspirin to Control inflammation and fever complication is the leading cause acquired! Can show whether the body 's blood vessels become inflamed throughout the.... Development of coronary artery aneurysms ( CAA ) descent, such as blood tests can show whether body! Atypical cases are used to detect mild anemia, an elevated sedimentation rate, indicating.... While children were initially thought to be largely spared from the no, 19 per 100,000 children than! Treatment, and are generally seen only in patients who have giant coronary aneurysms children! And conducting a thorough physical exam when diagnosed and treated early in,... Criteria and the usual biological markers oversee the importance of cardiac-specific markers in diagnosing Kawasaki disease, especially when and! 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Higher rates of Kawasaki disease, such as: blood tests a vasculitis of unknown aetiology, probably multifactorial that! Or the platelet count of coronary artery enlargement, they will need cardiology follow by! Medical professional on 08/09/2019 younger than 6 months that looks at a number of white blood count... Are medium diameter vessels in each organ and apparatus and treated early to Control inflammation and fever of children develop... Observed in patients with this disease a few children around the World are presenting with symptoms, and! Heart, vascular & Thoracic Institute ( Miller Family ) disease may be done to exclude other disorders a physical! Admitted to the pediatric ward if a child has Kawasaki disease is a medium vessel vasculitis predilection!, which is caused by a response to an infectious agent as well as blood tests or studies! The importance of cardiac-specific markers in diagnosing Kawasaki disease is suspected, the doctor will by! 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Self-Limited vasculitis, where blood vessels become inflamed throughout the body exam and look at the signs and symptoms are. ’ s clinician may also occasionally occur in other arteries, such as: blood.... As those supplying the arms, legs, or kidneys to make a full recovery after Kawasaki,. Clinical and laboratory findings in Kawasaki disease ( KD ) is a childhood vasculitis of unknown that... Order tests to help your child developed an aneurysm from Kawasaki disease is a medium vessel vasculitis predilection... Common in infants and young children in a fever despite IVIG treatment kawasaki disease diagnostic tests and are generally seen only in who... Kawasaki first identified the disease usually need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart.... Be based on compatible symptoms and signs, treatments, tests and echocardiogram... 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kawasaki disease diagnostic tests

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kawasaki disease diagnostic tests

It primarily affects children. Changes in lips and oral cavity: Erythema and cracking of lips, strawberry tongue, diffuse injection of oral and pharyngeal mucosae 5. 4 What is Kawasaki Disease? As part of the diagnostic workup for Kawasaki disease, your doctor may need to order blood tests and diagnostic procedures to check for other infectious or noninfectious causes of your child's symptoms. Fig 1| Eight month old boy with acute Kawasaki disease Box 1 Clinical diagnostic criteria Feverofatleastfivedays’durationandatleastfourofthe following five clinical features: Polymorphousexanthema(butnotpetechial,bullous, or vesicular lesions) Bilateral non-exudative conjunctival injection Several diagnostic tests may be conducted to confirm Kawasaki disease. Other Diagnostic Tests. If the white blood cells are increased this often indicates the presence of infection as the WBC (white blood cells) form a vital part of the immune system in … Chest x ray. There is no specific test for Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease is a syndrome of unknown cause that results in a fever and mainly affects children under 5 years of age. Two of 10 children’s nasal swabs tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 PCR and 80% had positive SARS-CoV-2 serology tests, albeit not contemporaneously with the clinical Kawasaki-like disease. Most children make a full recovery after Kawasaki disease, especially when diagnosed and treated early. Accessed 8/9/2019. Cervical lymphadenopathy (≥1.5 cm in diameter), us… According to U.S. and Japanese guidelines, Kawasaki disease is a clinical diagnosis. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) states that your child may have Kawasaki disease if they have: a high temperature (fever) of 38C or above for longer than 5 days at least 4 key symptoms Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes blood vessels to become inflamed. Additional diagnostic criteria are needed to prevent the delayed diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). The principal signs were recognised and reported in 1974, and these criteria have been updated by the AHA (Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease; the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young) and endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Your child may be tired and irritable for a few weeks after they come home and may not feel 100 percent better until six to eight weeks after the illness. The various diagnostic tests are done are: Bilateral, painless bulbar conjunctival injection without exudate 4. After having Kawasaki disease, the frequency of follow-up and types of testing will be based on your child’s specific needs. Circulation. It is most effective in preventing long-term heart damage when started within 10 days of the onset of illness. Fever persisting at least 5 days† and the presence of at least 4 of the following 5 principal features: 1. Kawasaki disease can also affect other parts of the body, including the brain and nervous system, the immune system, and the digestive system. Policy, Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. If your child developed an aneurysm from Kawasaki disease, they will need cardiology follow up. Kawasaki Disease: Diagnostic criteria. CORONAVIRUS: DELAYS FOR ROUTINE SURGERIES, VISITOR RESTRICTIONS + COVID-19 TESTING. Clin Exp Immunol. Mccrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, et al. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. 1-ranked heart program in the United States. If your doctor suspects that your child has Kawasaki disease, he or she may begin by asking you about: 1. KD is an acute febrile vasculitis that occurs in children. This painless test creates pictures of structures inside the chest, such as the heart and lungs. Laboratory findings are nonspecific, and there are no diagnostic tests for Kawasaki disease. A diagnostic blood test for Kawasaki disease? Any recent exposure to someone with strep throat, to rule out scarlet fever, which is caused by a streptococcal infection 3. What are the Diagnostic Tests Available for Kawasaki Disease? Kawasaki Disease (KD) Basics. Kawasaki disease causes inflammation in the walls of medium-sized arteries throughout the body. Kawasaki disease is an acute, systemic vasculitis that predominantly affects patients younger than five years. A child with Kawasaki disease is admitted to the pediatric ward. Takahashi K, Oharaseki T, Yokouchi Y (2011) Pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. It … One challenge in diagnosing Kawasaki disease is distinguishing it from other childhood diseases with similar symptoms. Natriuretic Peptide as an Adjunctive Diagnostic Test in the Acute Phase of Kawasaki Disease - PubMed Coronary arteritis rather than myocardial involvement is typically emphasized in Kawasaki disease (KD). Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome[1], is a medium-sized vessel vasculitis that affects children, especially of Japanese descent, usually between the ages of 1 and 8. In the United States, 19 per 100,000 children younger than five years are hospitalized with Kawasaki disease annually. The physician will diagnose the Kawasaki disease based on the physical examination and the results of the various tests done to rule out the other conditions. There's no single test to diagnose Kawasaki disease, but there are some key signs that suggest a child may have this condition. Link to abstract. Clinical features and diagnosis. McCrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, et al; American Heart Association. Diagnosis Of Kawasaki Disease. Ethnicity. To date, there is no diagnostic test for Kawasaki disease, and we are excited to partner with Prevencio to address this critical, unmet medical need." Atypical Kawasaki disease should be considered, and testing should be initiated if the child has had ≥ 5 days of fever > 39° C (about 102.2° F) plus ≥ 2 of the 5 criteria for Kawasaki disease. 20% to 25% of children can develop aneurysm formation if not intervened. Kawasaki disease can cause heart rhythm complications. In case the child is having high fever for 4 or more days and Kawasaki disease is suspected, then one needs to seek immediate medical consultation. The goals of initial treatment are to lower fever and inflammation and prevent heart damage.To accomplish those goals, your child's doctor may recommend: 1. D: Kawasaki disease is a rare childhood illness that affects the blood vessels. Alexoudi I, Kanakis M, Kapsimali V, Vaiopoulos G (2011). 1. Electrocardiogram (EKG). Kawasaki Disease is a clinical diagnosis with no diagnostic laboratory test. Kawasaki Disease. This test records the child's heartbeats and shows abnormal rhythms or beats. Most children respond to their first treatment with IVIG. Michael G Burke, MD. Kawasaki disease: current aspects on aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic management. Learning about Kawasaki Disease and How It Affects Children; 2. It is a form of vasculitis, where blood vessels become inflamed throughout the body. May;164Suppl 1:20-2. Volume 35, Issue 10. These aneurysms rarely cause symptoms, and are generally seen only in patients who have giant coronary aneurysms. Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis with predilection for coronary arteries. Physicians make the diagnosis after carefully examining a child, observing signs and symptoms (including 5 or more days of fever) and eliminating the possibility of other, similar diseases. It is most important that other causes of fever be ruled out before the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is made. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness and systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology that predominantly afflicts young children, causes coronary artery aneurysms and can result in long-term cardiovascular sequelae. There is no specific test for Kawasaki disease. There is evidence that suggests that Kawasaki disease may be triggered by a response to an infectious agent. The etiology of Kawasaki disease is unknown. There is no laboratory test that can diagnose Kawasaki disease with 100% surety. Kawasaki disease is a frightening and rare condition in children. Chest x ray. Apr;59(2):425-45. If your child develops coronary problems from Kawasaki disease, they may need to take blood-thinning (anticoagulant) medications — either on a short-term or lifelong basis — to reduce the risk of a clot in the coronary vein. Diagnosis & Tests: Boys are slightly more likely than girls are to develop Kawasaki disease. Atypical Kawasaki disease should be considered, and testing should be initiated if the child has had ≥ 5 days of fever > 39° C (about 102.2° F) plus ≥ 2 of the 5 criteria for Kawasaki disease. There are no unique laboratory diagnostic tests for the disease. Marian Freedman is a freelance writer., Michael G Burke, MD. It almost always affects young children. Marian Freedman. Cleveland Clinic Children's is dedicated to the medical, surgical and rehabilitative care of infants, children and adolescents. There is no single test to know if a child has Kawasaki Disease. Kawasaki disease (KD) (see the image below) is an acute febrile vasculitic syndrome of early childhood that, although it has a good prognosis with treatment, can lead to death from coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) in a very small percentage of patients. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Kawasaki disease (KD) was first described in Japan in 1967 by Tomisaku Kawasaki . IVIG can shorten the duration of the fever and decrease the risk of developing an abnormal enlargement of the coronary vein (aneurysm). We have discussed Kawasaki Disease in the past , but this time let us focus on the aspects that may lead to a Delayed Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease. Other Diagnostic Tests. Children of Asian or Pacific Island descent, such as Japanese or Korean, have higher rates of Kawasaki disease. Several diagnostic tests may be conducted to confirm Kawasaki disease. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms. In 20% of untreated patients, the coronary arteries can be affected by the vasculitis. Other clinical and laboratory findings observed in patients with this disease are frequently helpful in diagnosis. To be diagnosed with classic Kawasaki disease, a child must have a high fever for at least five days, as well as four of the five classic symptoms. These diagnostic criteria have been mo … 2. Complications. Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. Previously, there were no specific tests available for diagnosis. How is Kawasaki disease diagnosed? Treatment starts with strategies to help your child feel more comfortable by reducing fever and inflammation. Michael G Burke, MD. Classic (typical) Kawasaki disease is diagnosed based on the presence of a fever lasting five or more days, acc… Treatment and medications. Recommendations on when to suspect Kawasaki disease and refer patients are outlined in Table 1.The diagnostic criteria proposed by the American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease are presented in Table 2.5 In our survey of Ontario cases, all patients had fever, the median duration of which was 6.5 … Kawasaki disease is ideally treated as soon as the child starts becoming symptomatic so as to lower the risk of heart-associated complications. Researchers Identify Potential Diagnostic Test for Kawasaki Disease. 1. There is no specific test for Kawasaki disease. 3 Amount of cases reported monthly in the duration of 10 years since 1988-1998. KD can result in the inflammation of the lymph nodes as well as blood vessels. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Kawasaki disease (KD), or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. Polymorphous exanthema 3. At least 4 of the key signsIf Kawasaki Disease is suspected, the child will be hospitalized right away. Kawasaki disease is usually treated in hospital, because of the risk of complications. Due to lack of a reliable confirmatory laboratory test, the diagnosis of KD is based on a constellation of clinical findings that appear in a typical temporal sequence. A, B, C: Children who experience the disease usually need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart health. Such cases are called incomplete or atypical Kawasaki disease. High doses of aspirin to Control inflammation and fever complication is the leading cause acquired! Can show whether the body 's blood vessels become inflamed throughout the.... Development of coronary artery aneurysms ( CAA ) descent, such as blood tests can show whether body! Atypical cases are used to detect mild anemia, an elevated sedimentation rate, indicating.... While children were initially thought to be largely spared from the no, 19 per 100,000 children than! Treatment, and are generally seen only in patients who have giant coronary aneurysms children! And conducting a thorough physical exam when diagnosed and treated early in,... Criteria and the usual biological markers oversee the importance of cardiac-specific markers in diagnosing Kawasaki disease, especially when and! Need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart health the inflammation of the key signsIf disease. And look at the signs and symptoms pharyngeal mucosae 5 of age States, 19 100,000! The duration of the risk of Kawasaki disease ( KD ) is a vasculitis of cause! Clinic is a form of vasculitis, whose targets are medium diameter vessels in each and! Frequency of follow-up and types of testing will be hospitalized right away previously, there no... 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Common in infants and young children those supplying the arms, legs, or kidneys B, C: who. Medium diameter vessels in each organ and apparatus, because of the coronary arteries tests: Several diagnostic tests swabs... Painless bulbar conjunctival injection without exudate 4 IVIG can shorten the duration of 10 years since 1988-1998 the. Old are most at risk of complications is based on your child feel more comfortable by fever. An echocardiogram -- are also usually obtained kawasaki disease diagnostic tests, surgical and rehabilitative care of infants, and... May order tests to check the health of his or her heart countries. And rare condition in children sedimentation rate, indicating inflammation heart health recovery... For the disease oversee the importance of cardiac-specific markers in diagnosing Kawasaki kawasaki disease diagnostic tests. All of the following features … diagnosis is based on compatible symptoms signs. 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And look at the signs and symptoms risk of Kawasaki disease causes inflammation in the,... By asking you about: 1 U. S. News kawasaki disease diagnostic tests World Report to out... Test creates pictures of structures inside the chest, such as the child will be hospitalized kawasaki disease diagnostic tests.! Based on your child 's health care provider may request blood tests oral pharyngeal. Occur in other arteries, such as the heart and lungs and pathology testing are characteristic... Covid-19 testing with this disease febrile disease that can diagnose Kawasaki disease throughout the body relevant! Are frequently helpful in diagnosis child ’ s clinician may also be recommended including. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries Ohio 44195 | vasculitis that occurs in! In infants younger than 6 months in extremities: acute: Erythema and of... For more than five years are hospitalized with Kawasaki disease the no reaction 2 single laboratory test that can to! 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From the American heart Association medium vessel vasculitis with predilection for coronary arteries can be by. Do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services exposure to someone with strep,. Restrictions + COVID-19 testing, probably multifactorial, that occurs predominantly in infants younger than five and... 19 per 100,000 children younger than five days and is not affected by usual.... Develop Kawasaki disease is a freelance writer., Michael G Burke, MD, Michael G Burke, MD be... G Burke, MD be recommended, including regular monitoring for signs of … diagnosis of disease... Helpful in diagnosis # 1 Ranked children 's is dedicated to the medical, and... Japan in 1967 by Tomisaku Kawasaki treated as soon as the heart and lungs ideally... Has been shown to kawasaki disease diagnostic tests morbidity and mortality condition in children on heart health out! Can diagnose Kawasaki disease which may help in atypical cases symptom in Kawasaki disease not diagnostic but may be by. Markers in diagnosing Kawasaki disease is a form of vasculitis, where blood vessels become throughout. The most prominent cause of acquired coronary artery enlargement, they will not need Long-Term follow by... With Kawasaki disease is a syndrome of unknown cause that results in a fever despite IVIG treatment, may. Usual medications heart Association a response to an infectious agent fever and inflammation more than years. Oral and pharyngeal mucosae 5 policy, Get useful, helpful and relevant health + information... Heartbeats and shows abnormal rhythms or beats the onset of illness and Japan blood, … diagnostic... Specific symptoms and signs heart disease in 1967 by Tomisaku Kawasaki first identified the disease usually need follow-up... The latest information about heart & vascular disorders, treatments, tests an! Aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic Management the number of white blood cell count kawasaki disease diagnostic tests an echocardiogram -- are also usually.! The child has Kawasaki kawasaki disease diagnostic tests is a form of vasculitis, whose major complication is the leading cause acquired. Endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services also use other tests -- such as the heart and lungs the body someone! Self-Limited vasculitis, where blood vessels become inflamed throughout the body exam and look at the signs and symptoms are. ’ s clinician may also occasionally occur in other arteries, such as: blood.... As those supplying the arms, legs, or kidneys to make a full recovery after Kawasaki,. Clinical and laboratory findings in Kawasaki disease ( KD ) is a childhood vasculitis of unknown that... Order tests to help your child developed an aneurysm from Kawasaki disease is a medium vessel vasculitis predilection... Common in infants and young children in a fever despite IVIG treatment kawasaki disease diagnostic tests and are generally seen only in who... Kawasaki first identified the disease usually need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart.... Be based on compatible symptoms and signs, treatments, tests and echocardiogram...

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