Among them is the only Danish weekly newspaper published in the United States and a large array of papers published in other foreign languages. With damage estimated in excess of $80billion, it also was the countrys most costly natural disaster bya wide margin. Earths atmosphere, lithosphere,hydrosphere, and biosphere all wreak havoc on land and property and often take a toll on human life. Aquifers can easilybe contaminated by the seepage of pollutants. Snowfall is common during winter months andcan cover the ground from November through April (or evenlonger) in some northern areas. A map projection is a way how to transform points on a Earth to points on a map. With the exception of aridity, nearly all extremes are seasonalrather than lasting yearround. The regions aridity is the result of two primary influences. 1.1k. Bookmark Quiz . Find jobs . The capital, Juneau, and largest city, Anchorage,are considerably warmer during the winter months than aremany cities in the northern Lower 48 (as Alaskans refer to theregion). Alaska has more than 100 volcanoes, many ofwhich are extremely active. The extreme north-south distance is 44 mi (71 km), the extreme east-west distance is 29 mi (46.5 km), and the length of the city boundary is 342 mi (550 km). Huge floods have periodically inundated large parts of Los Angeles, and much human effort has gone into confining the waterways within concrete channels. Los Angeles, like its sister city NEW YORK, is a multicultural metropolis. Get a free map for your website. California is a U.S. state located on the west coast of North America, bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and Mexico to the south. California is bordered by the state of Oregon in the north, by Nevada and Arizona in the east, and by the Mexican state of Baja California in the south. Save. The amber waves of grain to which Batesreferred depend on vast, relatively flat land holdings that can befarmed with large agricultural equipment. influence is the warm, moist Pacific air, keeping temperatures mild Regionally, it is divided into the Atlanticand Gulf coastal plains. The Great Lakes form the worlds largest system of freshwater. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The value of Maphill lies in the possibility to look at the same area from several perspectives. About | Features | FAQ | License | Privacy | Terms | Contact. The highest point in California is Mount Whitney at 14,494 feet above sea level, while the lowest point is Badwater Basin at 282 feet below sea level. mudslides. Green color represents lower elevations, orange or brown indicate higher elevations, shades of grey are used for the highest mountain ranges in the world. Our findings suggest the state continues to lean Democratic and Donald Trump is unpopular virtually everywhere. Diverse Societies Face Change, 1900 Hurricane (Galveston, Texas) 6,00012,000, 1928 Hurricane (Florida Atlantic Coast) 2,500, 1889 Flood (Johnstown, Pennsylvania) 2,210, 2005 Hurricane (New Orleans andLouisiana and Mississippi coasts) 2,000, 1893 Hurricane (Sea Islands ofSouth Carolina and Georgia) 1,500, 1906 Earthquake (San Francisco,California) 5003,000. 'https:' : 'http:') + There, Kilauea Crater erupts continuously, although in agentle, bubbling, non-life-threatening fashion. Despite its environmental diversity, the basic way of lifepracticed by Americans is fairly similar regardless of the location. A torrent of water with a volume estimated to have been 10 times that of the entire worldsriver flow was unleashed. Only in the far north doeswoodland give way to the tundra. From its crest, the forest-covered western slope drops graduallyover a distance that averages about 80 miles (130 kilometers). Exciting opportunity in Los Angeles, CA for University of California Los Angeles as a Assistant Professor of Physical Geography The above outline map represents the State of California, located in the western (Pacific) region of the United States. With Physical Geography (1 and 15) a student can satisfy Physical Science and Lab transfer requirements. [74] The city extends for 44 miles (71 km) north-south and for 29 miles (47 km) east-west. Critics refer to it either as a laid-back la-la land or, conversely, as a place reeling from earthquakes, fire, smog, gang warfare, and riots. Cellars offer protection from tornadoes, andimproved forest and grassland firefighting strategies and technology can reduce losses from such conflagrations. Physical geography is the study of the processes that shape the Earth's surface, the animals and plants that inhabit it, and the spatial patterns they exhibit. Located in the north-central part of the state in the Sacramento Valley is Sacramento the capital and the 6th largest city of California. Some places are much safer or much more dangerous thanothers. In the section that follows, theauthor uses descriptive terminology to the degree possible. From the air, they give the appearance of an accordion-likeseries of parallel, southwest-northeasttrending ridgesand valleys. Fear is mostly present al lower altitudes, while comfort is present in vicinity of the mountain ranges. Recruitment Period: October 28, 2022, through January 31, 2023. Dependence on a river is illustrated by current problemsalong the Missouri. The greatest temblors have been those centred in Long Beach in 1933 (magnitude 6.4), Sylmar in 1971 (6.6), and Northridge in 1994 (6.7). if (mh_touch && $('mm_lkll')) $('mm_lkll').dispose(); Despite the summerdrought and lack of storms, much of the region receives 30 to50 inches (75 to 125 centimeters) of rainfall annually. Darker blues are used for the deepest water, lighter shades of blue represent shallower water such as the continental shelf. during the winter months. Popular Quizzes Today. Today,settlements and structures are much more apt to be located andbuilt with safety in mind. The San Gabriel, Santa Monica, and Santa Ana Mountains surround the basin. Our goal is different. Welcome to Physical Geography at College of the Canyons. If you have seen the face of a barometer, you knowthat rising (higher) pressure is associated with stable weatherconditions. PMF IAS Physical Geography is a one of it's kind! Based on images taken from the Earth's orbit. Students relate current events to the physical and human characteristics of places and regions. If any of Maphill's maps inspire you to come to Los Angeles, we would like to offer you access to wide selection of nearby hotels at low prices and with great customer service. Warm moisturebearingwinds that blow in from the Pacific are forced aloft over mountains soon after they reach the coast. January, 57.0 F; August, 72.0 F; annual average, Freezing temperatures and snow are very rarein Florida and along the Gulf Coast. Course Description: This course introduces students to fundamental concepts, skills, and practices of human geography. Image by Dr. Blofeld As a geographer, which essential element of geography would you be studying if you used this map to study locations? For a halfcentury,ships have been able to pass between the Great Lakes and theAtlantic by way of the St. Lawrence Seaway. For the general view of Los Angeles, this is not a significant problem. All 2D maps of Los Angeles are created based on real Earth data. In the Southwest, the Rio Grande and Colorado River flowsouthward across desert landscapes. They claim that its major social problems are similar to those of all big cities and are perhaps even less severe there than elsewhere. The plateau has many cinder cones, juniper flats, pine forests, and seasonal lakes. The Los Angeles area is home to 29 television stations. The population swelled to 1.5 million by 1940. It results from a harmonious interplay of at least three natural conditions: the regions latitude is far enough south to dissipate the most severe North Pacific winter storms, a cooling layer of marine air moderates the summer sun, and the tall mountain ranges shield the region from potentially intense blasts of desert heat and cold. 58.8% Percent Women. Such patterns often varygreatly from culture to culture and also change through time. Other unusual weather phenomena include the Santa Ana winds, which bring They bet that natures wrath will not affect them. Updates? The physical geography of Los Angeles masks, however, an invisible one, that of fear and comfort. Before the arrival of Europeans, much of the central interiorwas covered with a seemingly endless sea of grass. Maps are served from a large number of servers spread all over the world. Thus, Option D is correct. Because of the environmental diversity in the United States, any crop in the worldcan be grown somewhere in the country. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana (12,446,597), Victorville-Hesperia-Apple Valley (537,446), Indio-Cathedral City-Palm Springs (467,017). The lowest temperatureever recorded in the 48 coterminous states was a frigid ?70F(?57C) at Rogers Pass, Montana. Nearly half of the county is taken up by mountain chainsmost of them running east-westthat have a dynamic history of earthquakes, firestorms, and mud slides. On the western margin (where Denver, Colorado, calls itself the Mile High City), they reach anelevation of more than 5,200 feet (1,585 meters). The climate, underlying geology, and the geologic history of an area affect the modern topography. Rivers, lakes, and groundwater supplies haveprovided ample water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use. ad_divy = $$('div.bddsns[id^=div-gpt-ad]'); As the land was forced upward,however, ancient rivers scoured narrow east-westtrendingvalleys called gaps. These passageways, such as the famousCumberland Gap, located at the point where Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia meet, created corridors followed byearly Amerindians, European pioneers, and, later, railwaysand highways. gathering in the coastal basin during periods of little air movement. Atmospheric hazards include hurricanes, tornadoes, heavyflood-causing rain, blizzards, icerelated storms including hailand sleet, lightning, and drought. Groundwater is tapped by wells, although in someplaces it reaches the surface through springs. It will never be possible to capture all the beauty in the map. In July 1998, the National Geographic Society publisheda map entitled Natural Hazards of North America, which showsthe distribution of 11 environmental hazards. The name was eventually shortened to Los Angeles. First, how do people adapt to theenvironments in which they live? Los Angeles's growth continues, anchored by its economic diversity. Los Angeles county is a vast and varied geographic entity. A growingpopulation, particularly in the water-deficient Southwest, haspushed available water supplies to their limit. $21,552 - $29,962 5% of jobs $29,963 - $38,372 15% of jobs $39,950 is the 25th percentile. Mountainscenery, steep slopes, and a deep snowpack are important topeople who are affluent and mobile enough to enjoy vacations,skiing, and perhaps even living in a scenic landscape. Immediately to the east of the Appalachians is a hilly uplandarea that gradually drops toward the coastal plain. How Much Do Environmental Geography Jobs Pay per Year in Los Angeles, CA? Moving eastward from the Rocky Mountains and stretching tothe Appalachians is a huge area of lowland plains. People visit Los Angeles for the climate and its cultural and natural resources. Birds, marine life,and mammals large and small abound in the eastern UnitedStates. As California leans more Democratic in general, conservative Democrats are becoming rarer even in the places where . The number of maps is, however, not the only reason to visit Maphill. Geography. Yet these areas are precisely wherethe great majority of Americans live. Where water isavailable for irrigation, soils tend to be quite fertile. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("misto", ["4294757", "los-angeles-california", "Los Angeles"]); $('atlas_img').set('src', $('atlas_img').get('src')); Latitude of Los Angeles, longitude of Los Angeles, elevation above sea level of Los Angeles. Here, buriedbeneath a mantle of snow and glacial ice, Mount McKinley(also called Denali) is North Americas highest peak. San Diego County/Imperial County in Southern California's border region with Mexico. The mountains are relatively low,reaching their highest elevation of 6,684 feet (2,037 meters)atop Mount Mitchell in western North Carolina. The Colorado River is controlled by eight dams and reservoirs, including Glen Canyon Dam and Lake Powell on theUtah-Arizona border and Hoover Dam and Lake Mead justeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. In historic times (1825) a deluge permanently shifted the direction of the Los Angeles River channel from its westward outflow into Santa Monica Bay to a south-flowing outlet emptying into San Pedro Bay. The Colorado Plateau, composed of alternating layers ofsandstone and limestone, is centered on the Southwests FourCorners area, where the states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico,and Arizona meet. See the full list of hotels in or close to Los Angeles, the list of destinations in Los Angeles County or choose from the below listed cities. In the nations arid interior,nearly all cities are located at oasis sites. In addition to its many volcanic features, the plateauoffers several other unique landscapes. 2022/2023 None. Just like any other image. It has straight and equally spaced meridians and parallels that meet at right angles. Temperatures drop andsnowfall increases as one moves northward and inland from themoderating influence of the ocean. throughout the year. The Pacific Coast is the most hazard-prone area of theUnited States. Anequally amazing extreme exists on the island of Kauai. Services, wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, government, financial service industries, transportation, utilities, and construction contribute significantly to local employment. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("adm1", ["38", "california", "California"]); Save. The Los Angeles area is also a transportation gateway into the United States for both passengers and cargo. Each environment offers a variety of opportunitiesand challenges, although humans can often add what naturehas not provided. Water, one can argue, is the resource most essential to life,yet water-related problems loom on the horizon. googletag.defineSlot('/114450422/Maphill_com_Map_misto_BTF_BottomLeaderBoard_728x90', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-Map-misto-BTF-BottomLeaderBoard-728x90').addService(googletag.pubads()); . The western interior offers a variety of huge basins, rugged plateaus, deep canyons, and soaring mountainsall ofwhich contribute to some of the nations most spectacularterrain. Physically, oceans moderate temperaturesand serve as the source of atmospheric moisture. 2 pages 2022/2023 None. The map can be downloaded, printed and used for geography education purposes like map-pointing and coloring activities. This region is a zone of geologic instabilitythat includes all lands bordering the Pacific. This combined area covers 35,000 square miles or more than 90,000 square kilometers. In1980, the violent eruption of Washingtons Mount St. Helenswas a stark reminder that the Cascades remain a very activevolcanic range. The study ofsuch relationships is one of the most fundamental geographicthemes. Mediter-ranean weather is unique in one major respect it is the onlyclimate that experiences summer drought. The private automobile plays an important part of the Los Angles lifestyle. Moisture is ample: Most locations receive40 to 60 inches (100 to 150 centimeters) of precipitation peryear and some places get considerably more. Geography is the study of the physical and cultural . We created Maphill to make the web a more beautiful place. They are also the source of water for irrigationand domestic use and for important recreational resources. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. The region coincides withAmericas breadbasket. Excellent soils, ample moisture, andlarge expanses of flat land that allow the use of heavy equipment help make this region one of the worlds most productiveagricultural areas. Beginning in northern California and extending northwardinto Washington are the volcano-formed Cascades. The San Fernando Valley can be 10 F (5.5 C) warmer than Santa Monica in the summer and 10 F cooler in the winter. Differences in land elevations relative to the sea level are represented by color. In the winter of 186162, a flood left the western part of the Los Angeles basin looking like a chain of lakes dotted with islands. Volcanic activity created the Hawaiian Islands; AlaskasAleutian Islands and many of its mountains; and the Cascadesof northern California and western Oregon and Washington. The Basin, part of Death Valley, is remarkably the lowest point in North America as well. After the 2000 census, the foreign-born population was 1.5 million, which was 41 percent of the city's total population. The Northeast experiences a humid continental climate. The ColumbiaPlateau covers portions of eastern Washington, northeasternOregon, and western Idaho. //wg_jeste_co = 'ajax/united-states/california/los-angeles-county/los-angeles/maps/physical-map/?_uvodni=1&_jtzs=a&_j[]=mm&_bi=1&_archiv=1'; Simply stated, people who live inhazard-prone areas elect to do so knowing that they face potential risk. wg_odkryt('mmh'); Assistant Professor of Physical Geography. First, forecasting has greatly improved: Peoplecan be alerted to many impending events well in advance,thereby allowing them to take necessary precautions. In many locations, water from aquifers is being used fasterthan it is being replaced. 469.1 square miles (2000), Elevation: Many European Americans value the areasgreat potential to produce petroleum and natural gas. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. The upward-thrust eastern edge of the range features majestic Mount Whitney, a 14,494-foot (4,418-meter) peak that is the highest point in the adjoining 48 states. Here, relativelylow and scattered mountain ranges separate broad and relatively flat basins. As the Pacific andother tectonic plates crunch and grind away, they are responsible for more than 80 percent of the worlds seismic (earthquake) and volcanic activity. The United States is unique in that it is also the only countryin the world that is subject to the wrath of all natural hazards. Both streams are of fargreater importance than their relatively small volume of watermight suggest. Consult with an advisor for the specific number of units required in all areas of the degree including GE and free electives. What happened this week? Natural vegetation is chaparral scrub and grassland, with manyeucalyptus species that were introduced from Australia duringthe mid-1800s. Maphill maps are and will always be available for free. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The western portion, the Great Plains, lies west of a line that roughlycoincides with the 100th meridian and includes portions ofTexas, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, North and SouthDakota, and Montana. No, this is not art. Students at Geography from California State University Los Angeles will: 1 Find the US States - No Outlines Minefield 2 . Anchorage, Seattle, SanFrancisco, and Los Angeles all sprawl across active geologicfaults and thus are in constant peril. The population topped 3 million during the 1980s. Some locations may go years withoutexperiencing snowfall, something unheard of east of the Cascades. if (!wg_load_jinde) wg_ad_je(); 3d 702 [100 Cal. Farther southrunning roughly between Orange and Riverside countiesare the Santa Ana Mountains. No country on Earth can match Americas diverse physicalconditions and the resulting natural landscapes. Finally, if there is any truth to the statement variety is thespice of life, then Americans are indeed fortunate. A variety of natural environmental conditions afford acountry many options for different land uses and kinds ofeconomic development. Employee pay is determined by multiple factors, including geography, experience, qualifications, skills and local minimum wage requirements. He earned a full ride to college. wg_adresa_lnk="http://www.maphill.com/united-states/california/los-angeles-county/los-angeles/maps/physical-map/"; Eastward, the amount increases: Coastaland upland areas receive 40 to 60 inches (100 to 150 centimeters) annually. ALI ALSHAHIBI. Infact, the worlds most active and extensively studied volcanois in Hawaii (on the big island) in Volcanoes National Park. Great for launching lectures and sparking discussion, 13 ABC video segments feature over 30 minutes of footage of natural hazards and disasters. In theabsence of thick sea ice, ships could easily pass between Europe,Asia, and North America. Are natural forcesalways at fault? The snowfall record belongs to Washingtons Mount Baker Ski Area. Summers are long, hot, andsauna-like due to the regions high humidity. Tough antipollution laws enacted by state and local authorities have helped reduce the motor-vehicle emissions contributing to smog formation, but air quality has continued to be a serious issue in Los Angeles, as well as in many other cities in the state. The flat physical map represents one of many map types available. The connections between Earth's water, air, land, and life are investigated at global, regional, and local scales providing a general synthesis of the broad field of physical geography. Inboth climate zones, but particularly in the southeastern UnitedStates, a considerable amount of land that was once cleared foragriculture is being returned to woodland. Knowledge of geography of the area where revenue will be collected ; . Destinations close to Los Angeles sorted by distance. When water flowing into the basinsevaporates, salts are left behind to accumulate. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. From a base near sea level, itsoars to an elevation of 20,320 feet (6,194 meters) in a distanceof about 20 miles (32 kilometers). During the winter of 19981999, itwas buried beneath an incredible 1,140 inches, or 95 feet (2,896centimeters, or 29 meters), of snow! The resultwas an event believed by some scientists to have been theworlds most destructive flood. It is of volcanic origin, formed bymagma and lava that poured across the land millions of yearsago and accumulated to a depth of up to 6,000 feet (1,829meters). Political trailblazers: She was in Congress before women had the right to vote. A series of high mountain ranges that are part of the PacificRing of Fire extend from California northward to Alaska andcontinue into Asia. Dams,levees, preservation of wetlands, and reforestation all reduce thethreat of flooding. Thousands of years ago, during the late stages of the ice age, ahuge lobe of glacial ice dammed todays Clark Fork River nearSandpoint, Idaho. Itwas the nations greatest urban disaster since the San FranciscoEarthquake of 1906. Without you having to pay for it. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. It covers an area of 163,696 square miles, making it the third largest state in terms of size behind Alaska and Texas. Los Angeles America's second largest city was originally inhabited by indigenous tribes and expanded with settlers from Spain, Mexico and then gold prospectors, land speculators, laborers, oil. Under natural conditions, the eastern half of the UnitedStates supported a dense cover of broadleaf, needleleaf, ormixed forests. That city holds the distinction ofhaving recorded the worlds lowest relative humiditya bonedry0.8 percent (statistically 1 percent). The city started in 1781 as a tiny village of 28 square miles (73 square km) but expanded greatly through a series of annexations when it first established an ironclad legal monopoly over the Los Angeles River watershed and then brought in a new water supply from the Owens River (which rises from the Sierra Nevada, 230 miles [370 km] northeast of the city). Exciting opportunity in Los Angeles, CA for University of California Los Angeles as a Assistant Professor of Physical Geography. The atmospheric pollution levels of Los Angeles, Beijing, Delhi, Mexico City and other cities are increased by inversion that traps pollution close to the ground. Statin alternative? 'Long time' since this much snow seen on volcano. Along coasts, stormpushed surges of water up to 20 feet (6meters) high can rush ashore, destroying everything in theirpath. Why this ax murder case fascinates, Weather: 10 reported dead in South; millions warned of winter weather, Will Smith, Chris Rock and how that infamous Oscars slap happened, Biden faces mounting pressure for a Plan B on student loan forgiveness, Cultures come together in joyous wedding dance, Haley speaks to conservative conference CPAC, one day before Trump, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. } Barges can navigate the rivers upstream to Minneapolis-St. The San Gabriel, Santa Monica, and Santa Ana Mountains surround the basin. Welcome to California State University, Los Angeles. Los Angeles County is the top-ranked county in manufacturing in the United States, producing more than 10 percent of the nation's production of numerous items ranging from aircraft, aircraft equipment guided missiles, and space vehicles, to television shows, movies, games, toys, and clothing. Two factors have contributed to the sharp reductionin loss of life. In a very surprising way, some of the geographic features of Los Angeles overlap those of fear. Summers can be fiercely hot and winters frigidlycold. Thewettest spot in the continental United States is in northwesternWashingtons Olympic Peninsula, where up to 150 inches (380centimeters) of moisture falls each year. The city of Los Angeles covers a total area of 502.7 square miles (1,302 km 2 ), comprising 468.7 square miles (1,214 km 2) of land and 34.0 square miles (88 km 2) of water. It includes a group of inland valleys, a coastal plain separated by low mountains that are interspersed with steep passes, an arc of still higher mountains, and a long seacoast. Water from the Great Lakes reaches the AtlanticOcean through Canadas St. Lawrence River. Each of these communities is located at a very high elevation. mh_atlas.set('se', 'atlas/33n30-117w10/maps/physical-map/'); It includes a group of inland valleys, a coastal plain separated by low mountains that are interspersed with steep passes, an arc of still higher mountains, and a long seacoast. Generally flat terrain is brokenin places by isolated buttes, mesas, and low mountains such asSouth Dakotas Black Hills, site of Americas famous shrine todemocracy, Mount Rushmore. No map style is the best. Amazingly, avery close correlation exists between population concentrations and both environmental hazards and natural disasters! googletag.pubads().setTargeting("vyrez", ["134586", "34n00-118w00", "the area around 34 0' 57" N, 118 4' 29" W"]); Beach areas tend to be 10 to 15 F (5.5 to 8 C) cooler than downtown Los Angeles. In alphabetical order, these counties are: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Imperial, Inyo, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Los Angeles, Madera, Marin, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Orange, Placer, Plumas, Riverside, Sacramento, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Ventura, Yolo, and Yuba. Water erosion is primarily responsible for theregions towering cliffs, many natural bridges and arches, anddeep gorges. The city became incorporated in 1850 and got a boost following its linkage by rail with San Francisco in 1876. The extreme north-south distance is 44 mi (71 km), the extreme east-west distance is 29 mi (46.5 km), and the length of the city boundary is 342 mi (550 km). Many other steps can be taken. 63.9 F, Annual Average Precipitation: Much of Alaska experiences short, cool summers and long,often severe winters. This importance also is suggested by the hundreds of towns and cities that incorporatesome water feature in their name. document.write(''); Temperature Inversion - Types - Effects on Weather. Recreational use, hydroelectric energy production, barge traffic, and even the domestic water supply of someriverside communities have been severely affected as a result. Natural harbors located at or near river mouths, forexample, are extremely important to a country that is engagedin manufacturing and commerce on a global scale. He spent 15 years wrongly imprisoned instead. googletag.defineSlot('/114450422/Maphill_com_Map_misto_ATF_TopLargeRectangle_336x280', [336, 280], 'div-gpt-ad-Map-misto-ATF-TopLargeRectangle-336x280').addService(googletag.pubads()); Somenorthern locations have a January temperature average thatranges between 0 and 10F (?12 to ?18C). The ENSO affects temperatures along California's coast, while PDO tends to influence precipitation amounts throughout much of Northern California and higher elevation areas.